How to Dress for a Formal Event: Understanding Black Tie and White Tie Dress Codes

Formal events are occasions that call for elegance, sophistication, and a clear understanding of dress codes. But navigating terms like black tie and white tie can be confusing, especially if you don’t attend these types of gatherings often. Whether you’re headed to a wedding, gala, opera, or state dinner, knowing what these dress codes mean—and how to meet them with style—will ensure you arrive appropriately dressed and confidently poised.

What Is a Formal Dress Code?

Formal dress codes represent the highest level of attire, typically reserved for grand and ceremonial events. These codes have specific expectations, often with little room for improvisation. There are two main levels:

• Black Tie: The more common of the two, often seen at weddings, galas, and evening events.

• White Tie: The most formal dress code, reserved for extremely prestigious occasions.

Black Tie Dress Code

Black tie is elegant evening wear, but with a touch more flexibility than white tie. When the invitation says “black tie,” the goal is to look sleek, timeless, and refined.

For Men:

• Tuxedo (Black or Midnight Blue)

• White Dress Shirt (with pleats or a crisp front)

• Black Bow Tie

• Cummerbund or Waistcoat

• Patent Leather Dress Shoes

• Optional: Black dress watch or cufflinks

Note: A dark suit is sometimes acceptable if a tuxedo is not accessible, but a tux is ideal.

For Women:

• Floor-Length Evening Gown

• Elegant Cocktail Dress (in some settings)

• Dressy Heels or Flats

• Formal Accessories like a clutch, jewelry, or wrap

Tips: Rich fabrics like silk, velvet, or satin are perfect for black tie. Stick with classic colors or jewel tones for timeless appeal.

White Tie Dress Code

White tie is the most formal and structured of all dress codes. It is rare today but still used in royal events, state dinners, and high society galas. Every detail matters here.

For Men:

• Black Tailcoat Jacket

• White Formal Shirt with Stiff Front and Wing Collar

• White Waistcoat

• White Bow Tie (not black)

• High-Waisted Black Trousers

• Black Patent Leather Shoes

• White Gloves (optional but traditional)

• Decorations or medals (if relevant)

For Women:

• Full-Length Ball Gown

• Long Gloves (usually optional, but elegant)

• Minimal but Fine Jewelry

• Heeled Shoes and a Clutch Purse

• Updo or styled hair for extra refinement

Note: Extravagance is welcome here—this is the time to wear dramatic gowns and heirloom jewels.

What Not to Wear to a Formal Event

Even if you’re unfamiliar with the specifics, some items should always be avoided at black or white tie events:

• Casual dresses, short skirts, or jeans

• Sandals, sneakers, or boots

• T-shirts, polos, or anything with logos

• Casual or everyday suits for white tie events

• Bold or flashy accessories that overshadow the elegance of the outfit

How to Prepare for a Formal Event

• Read the Invitation Carefully: Look for dress code keywords like “black tie optional” or “white tie preferred.”

• Err on the Side of Elegance: When in doubt, overdressing is better than underdressing.

• Grooming Matters: Tidy hair, manicured nails, polished shoes—every detail contributes to your overall look.

• Consider Renting: For one-off events, tuxedos and formal gowns can often be rented for a fraction of the purchase price.

• Plan Ahead: Don’t leave your outfit to the last minute. Formalwear may need tailoring or dry cleaning.

Final Thoughts

Formal events are a chance to embrace sophistication and express your style within timeless traditions. Understanding the differences between black tie and white tie will help you make confident, informed fashion choices and avoid any dress code faux pas. Whether you’re slipping into a tuxedo or stepping out in a floor-length gown, dressing appropriately for a formal occasion shows respect for the host—and ensures you look and feel your best.